What distinguishes a flat white from a latte?

A flat white is distinguished from a latte primarily by the type of espresso shot used and the texture of the milk. In a flat white, a ristretto shot is often used, which is a shorter, more concentrated shot of espresso. This gives the drink a richer flavor profile compared to a regular espresso shot typically found in lattes.

Additionally, the microfoam in a flat white is prepared differently—the milk is steamed to create a velvety texture with a fine, glossy foam that integrates seamlessly with the espresso. This results in a creamier mouthfeel and more intense coffee flavor, while a latte generally has a greater ratio of milk and foam, leading to a lighter texture. The combination of the ristretto shot and the special technique for creating microfoam are what truly differentiate the flat white from a latte.